What resource did Australia have that caused tension between the people?

The resource that caused significant tension between people in Australia was gold. The discovery of gold in the mid-19th century led to the Australian gold rush, which dramatically increased immigration and the population in certain regions. This influx of prospectors and miners sparked competition for land and resources, leading to conflicts not only among miners themselves but also with the Indigenous populations, who had their own claims to the land and resources. Tensions arose due to the disruption of traditional Indigenous lifestyles, land dispossession, and the struggle for access to mining areas. The social and economic transformations brought about by gold mining had lasting impacts on Australian society and contributed to the country's evolving identity.

While coal, iron ore, and uranium are significant resources in Australia, the gold rush was particularly notable for its immediate and historical effects on societal tensions compared to the other options listed.